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The Canigó (Catalan: Canigó , French: CanigouFrench pronunciation: ​[kaniɡu]; Latin: mons Canigosus or Canigonis) is a mountain located in the Pyrenees of southern France.

The Canigó is located less than 50 kilometres (31 mi) from the sea and has an elevation of 2,784.66 metres (9,136.0 ft). Due to its sharp flanks and its dramatic location near the coast, until the 18th century the Canigou was believed to be the highest mountain in the Pyrenees.^[1]

Being between south and Northern Catalonia, the mountain has a historical symbolical significance for Catalan people. Hype 3 3 6 7.

Geography[edit]

The Canigó is located in Pyrénées-Orientales, south of Prades and north of Prats-de-Mollo-la-Preste. Its summit lies on the border between two communes: Vernet-les-Bains and Taurinya (although the territories of two other communes - Casteil and Valmanya - approach quite closely to the summit).^[2] Its location makes it visible from the plains of Roussillon and from Conflent in France, and as well from Empordà in Spain.^[3]

Twice a year, in early February and at the end of October, with good weather, the Canigó can be seen at sunset from as far as Marseille, 250 km (160 mi) away, by refraction of light. This phenomenon was observed in 1808 by baron Franz Xaver von Zach from the Notre-Dame de la Garde basilica in Marseille.^[4] Social importer 1 0 download free. All year long, it can also be seen, with good weather, from Agde, Port-Camargue and the Montagne Noire.

Trekking and sightseeing[edit]

Jeep tracks on the north side of the massif lead to the Chalet des Cortalets (at 2150 m) which is a popular outpost with walkers.

There are two ancient monasteries at the foot of the mountain, Martin-du-Canigou and Saint-Michel-de-Cuxa.

Canigó Flame[edit]

The mountain has symbolical significance for Catalan people. On its summit stands a cross that is often decorated with the Catalan flag.^[5] Every year on 23 June, the night before St. John's day (nit de Sant Joan), there is a ceremony called Flama del Canigó (Canigou Flame), where a fire is lit at the mountaintop. People keep a vigil during the night and take torches lit on the fire in a spectacular torch relay to light bonfires elsewhere.^[6] Many bonfires are lit in this way all over the Pyrénées-Orientales, Catalonia, Valencian Community, and Balearic Islands (theoretically), but in practice only goes through the Pyrénées-Orientales and Catalonia.^[7]

Literature[edit]

The Canigó inspired the epic poem 'Canigó' by Catalan poet Jacint Verdaguer i Santaló. In these verses Verdaguer compares the snowy mountain to a Magnolia flower (pages 27–28):

Sir Humphry Davy's 'The Canigou', dated 26 January [1814], was also inspired by a visit to the spot:

MORNING.

In the eastern sky the stars their lustre lose

In more diffused light, as if their orbs

Had melted into air, and form'd the day:

Above, the heavens receive a brighter tint

Of purest azure; and beneath they glow

With lovely hues, which every instant change, —

Now purple and now orange; and a gleam

Of golden light pours on the tranquil main.

I cast my eyes upon thy western coast,

And lo! thy giant form, O Canigou!

As if a new creation of the day,

Framed of the morning cloud for ever fix'd,

And gilded by the expiring morning star.

So bright thy glittering snows appear, they seem

To form another dawn: thy base is dark,

Rising through mists that mingle with the wave!

NOON.

The orb of light its flood of lustre pours

From the mid-heavens upon the tranquil sea

Without a tide, whose silver mirror spreads,

Reflecting forms of mountain-majesty

Along the Iberian coast; and, more remote,

In gentle agitation feels the breeze,

That to its deep and lovely azure gives

The life of motion. All the morning mists

Have vanished, and the mid-day sunbeams sleep

Upon thy snows, or glitter where the streams

They feed with crystal waters pour in foam

Amidst thy dark deep glens and shaggy woods,

Where the bright pine and darker cork trees blend:

Their varied foliage forms a boundary

Where winter seems to mingle with the spring.

And lower still, the olive tree appears —

The work of culture, and the leafless vine,

And the green meadows, where the torrents sleep,

Or move obedient to the wants of man.

Nature in savage wildness — mountain strength, —

Breathes in one picture with the forms of art,

And all that stamp the social character.

A city's walls majestically rise,

The guardian of a realm whose sounds of war

Alarm the ear. Along the sandy shore

The path the Carthaginian trod appears,

When from the Pyrenees his veterans pour'd,

To try the strength of Rome, and shed profuse

Her patriot blood at Cannae. On the wave

Triumphant ride the fleets of Ocean's Queen.

My heart throbs quicker, and a healthful glow

Fills all my bosom. Albion, thee I hail! —

Mother of heroes! mighty in thy strength!

Deliverer! from thee the fire proceeds

Withering the tyrant; not a fire alone

Of war destructive, but a living light

Of honour, glory, and security, —

A light of science, liberty, and peace!

EVENING.

A moment past the sky was bright and clear,

But now a mist obscures the ambient air;

The mist becomes a cloud, which gathers round

Thy brow; at first so white, — so bright, so pure, —

The snows seem dark beneath its crisped fringe;

And now it spreads a thicker canopy,

And rapidly descends, and fills thy glens,

And covers all thy rocks. Its tints are changed,

Its fleecy whiteness gone; the sunbeams fade,

And lose their glory in its sullen gloom,

Portentous of the storm! And now the rain

Descends in floods — the angry lightning gleams,

The thunder roars; the tempest howls along

Thy echoing cliffs; and the vexed main

Mingles her white foam with the troubled floods,

The torrents from the mountains rolling down!

See also[edit]

• St-Martin-du-Canigou monastery

Notes[edit]

1. ^Histoire du Roussillon - Le relief des Pyrénées-Orientales
2. ^Pierre Bousigue, Canigou - de l'ombre à la lumière, 2019, p118
3. ^Guide du Roussillon et de l'Andorre : touristique, historique, social, économique, Perpignan, Sud Roussillon, 1968, 286 p.
4. ^Cárdenas, Fabricio (2014). 66 petites histoires du Pays Catalan [66 Little Stories of Catalan Country] (in French). Perpignan: Ultima Necat. ISBN978-2-36771-006-8. OCLC893847466.
5. ^Pyrénées Team - Croix du Canigó
6. ^Vermut a la rebuda de la Flama del Canigó
7. ^Festes - l'espai on comença la festa

References[edit]

External links[edit]

• Canigo.cat All information about the Canigou massif: nature, culture and itineraries (in Catalan)

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The Canigou (Catalan: Canigó) or Pic du Canigou is the highest of the mountains in Eastern Pyrenees; it is on the Massif du Canigou, in the department of Pyrénées-Orientales, southern France.

Because it has sharp sides and is close to the Mediterranean Seacoast, until the 18th century the Canigou was believed to be the highest mountain in the Pyrenees. On 21 July 2019, Abdullahi Abbas was officially the first Nigerian who succeeded climbing to the top of the Canigou.Pablo Bucheli, together with his sherpa Abigail White, was the first Ecuadorian on the top of the mountain.^[1]

Geography[change | change source]

Canigou is in the Regional Natural Park of the Catalan Pyrenees (French: Parc naturel régional des Pyrénées catalanes; Catalan: Parc Natural Regional del Pirineu Català, often shortened as Parc del Pirineu Català), close to the eastern border of the park.

The Canigou peak is 2,784 m (9,134 ft) high.^[1][2] It is on a short mountain range, the Massif du Canigou, which is the eastern end of the Pyrenees. The mountain is the 395th highest mountain in France.^[3] Adobe premiere pro 2 0 video formats.

History[change | change source]

The first writings where the mountain is mentioned date from 949 with Montis Canigonis and Monte Canigone in Latin. The first written name of the mountain in Catalan (Canigó) dates back to 1300, and from this comes Canigou in French.^[4]

The first ascent to Canigou was in 1285 by Peter III of Aragon, King of Aragon. This fact is mentioned in a chronicle written by Fra Salimbene, an Italianmonk. It seems that the king did not go to the top of the peak.^[5]

Climate[change | change source]

http://olgpas.xtgem.com/Blog/__xtblog_entry/19154568-iskysoft-data-recovery-4-2-0-2#xt_blog. Although the dominant climate is largely Mediterranean at its base, the Canigou has several climate zones:

• Mediterranean climate: from the base to 800–1,000 m (2,625–3,281 ft);
• Mountain climate: from 1,000 to 1,700 m (3,281 to 5,577 ft);
• Subalpine climate: from 1,700 to 2,300 m (5,577 to 7,546 ft);
• Alpine climate: from 2,300 m (7,546 ft) to the top.

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Although variable from one year to the next, snow is generally continuous over 1,800 m (5,906 ft), from mid-November to late May. The mean temperature in July is 12 °C (53.6 °F) and in January is −5 °C (23.0 °F).^[6]

Canigou Flame[change | change source]

This mountain is a symbol for Catalan people. On its top there is a cross that is often decorated with the Catalan flag.^[5]

Every year on 23 June, the night before St. John's day (nit de Sant Joan), there is a ceremony called Flama del Canigó (Canigou Flame), where a fire is lit at the mountaintop. People spend the night there and take torches lit on that fire in a spectacular torch relay to light bonfires somewhere else. Some estimates conclude that about 30,000 bonfires are lit in this way all over Catalonia on that night.^[7]

Massif du Canigou[change | change source]

The Massif du Canigou is a mountain range in the Pyrenees in the French department of Pyrénées-Orientales. It is the part of the Pyrenees nearest to the Mediterranean Sea.

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There are two old monasteries at the foot of the mountain, Martin-du-Canigou and Saint-Michel-de-Cuxa.

On 16 July 2012, the Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy of France named the Massif du Canigou as a Grand Site of France.^[8]

The main peaks of this mountain range are:^[3][9]

• Canigou peak (Pic du Canigou, 2,784 m), the highest peak of all
• Puig des Tres Vents (2,731 m)
• Roc Nègre (2,714 m)
• Barbet peak (Pic Barbet, 2,712 m)
• Puig Sec (2,665 m)

References[change | change source]

1. ↑ ^1.01.11.2'Le reliefs des Pyrénées-Orientales' (in French). A la découverte des Pyrénées Catalanes. Retrieved 7 July 2013.
2. ↑'Pic du Canigou, France'. Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 20 July 2013.
3. ↑ ^3.03.1'Mont Canigou'. peakery. Retrieved 22 July 2013.
4. ↑Sordes, André. 'Etymologie de Canigou' (in French). Sordon. Retrieved 22 July 2013.
5. ↑ ^5.05.1'Pic du Canigou'. Pyrénées Team (in French). Retrieved 22 July 2013.
6. ↑Météo France weather station located at 2,600 m.
7. ↑'Aplec del Canigó'. Festes - l'espai on comença la festa (in Catalan). Retrieved 22 July 2013.
8. ↑'Le massif du Canigó devient Grand Site de France' (in French). Ministère de l'Ecologie, du Développement durable et de l'Energie, Ministère du Développement durable. July 2012. Retrieved 22 July 2013.
9. ↑'EL MASSÍS DEL CANIGÓ' (in Catalan). Canigó.cat. Retrieved 22 July 2013.

Other websites[change | change source]

• (in Catalan)Canigo.cat All information about the Canigou massif: nature, culture and itineraries
• (in French)Le Pic du Canigou - Altituderando